Pdf very hightemperature reactor vhtr proliferation. Nks270, nordic forum for generation iv reactors, status. Internationally, there are only two high temperature systems under consideration. S department of energy doe is conducting research on the very high temperature reactor vhtr design concept for the next generation nuclear plant ngnp project. Art high temperature alloys activities development of new methods for design of high temperature reactor components asme boiler and pressure vessel code qualification of an additional material capable of service to higher temperature addressing issues that might affect licensing of high temperature reactors these activities are being carried out by argonne, idaho and oak ridge national. This was a 300 mwel commercial reactor with a concrete vessel, built by brown boveri. Triso coated particle fuel graphite as core structure helium coolant very high temperature reactor. Abstract the advanced hightemperature reactor ahtr is a lowpressure, liquidsaltcooled hightemperature reactor for the production of electricity and hydrogen. Benchmarking of the mit high temperature gascooled. Moltensaltcooled advanced hightemperature reactor for. Group 10s presentation for nre 2110 on the very high temperature reactor design. In addition, the technologies for the vhtr are being advanced in the gas turbinemodular helium reactor gt. An experimental system was constructed in accordance with the standard astm c83506 to measure the total hemispherical emissivity of structural materials of.
Total hemispherical emissivity of very high temperature. Temperature test reactor japan, high temperature reactor10 htr10. Stawicki submitted to the department of nuclear science and engineering on may 5, 2006 in. Graphite also has a high thermal conductivity, which facilitates the transfer of heat to the reflector, and it can withstand high temperatures. The only high temperature gascooled reactor htgr in the united states was the fort st. We do not guarantee individual replies due to extremely high volume of correspondence. The veryhightemperature reactor vhtr, or hightemperature gascooled reactor htgr, is a generation iv reactor concept that uses a graphitemoderated nuclear reactor with a oncethrough uranium fuel cycle. The very hightemperature reactor vhtr design descriptions, technology overviews, and. High temperature gas reactornew production reactor. Pdf a new reactor concept, designated the advanced hightemperature reactor ahtr, is being developed that uses liquid fluoride salt as a coolant.
Ornltm2008129 generation iv reactors integrated materials technology program plan. The basic technology for the vhtr has been established in former high temperature gascooled reactor plants dragon, peach bottom, avr, thtr, fort st. The second htr built in germany was the thtr300 thorium hightemperature reactor, which went critical in 1983. The nuclear reactor laboratory was built in 1960 and the research reactor first went critical in 1961. In this study, the optimum size of the compact heat exchanger has been developed based on its weight and pumping power for the reference design of 600 mwt very high temperature gascooled reactor. Status of the very high temperature reactor system. Among the 6 candidates of the gen iv nuclear systems in the technical roadmap of gen iv international forum gif, the very high temperature reactor vhtr is primarily dedicated to the cogeneration of electricity and hydrogen, the latter being extracted from water by using thermochemical, electrochemical or hybrid processes.
A critical step in developing new very high temperature reactors vhtr is certifying the graphite that is. The operation of the thtr was marked by a number of technical problems that did not seem impossible to. Under the gen iv advanced reactor development program, the very high temperature reactor vhtr is the lead concept. The format and content of this report is that specified in a. Seven gascooled htrs have been built around the world in england, germany, the united states. Veryhightemperature reactor vhtr inl team helps pave way to generation iv reactor fourth generation nuclear reactors, the nuclear power plants of tomorrow, will provide safer, less expensive and more environmentally friendly energy. Materials for advanced fission and fusion reactors steve zinkle. Pdf overview and status of the advanced hightemperature. In particular this report addresses the comments provided by inl and documented in 1463 rev. Very hightemperature reactor vhtr proliferation resistance. High temperature gas cool reactor technology development pdf. It was originally a 10kw training reactor that utilized highenriched uranium heu solid plate fuel. Generation iv reactors integrated materials technology.
Types nuclear reactor design advantages and disadvantages of. Generation iv reactors integrated materials technology program plan. Us united states vhtr very hightemperature reactor. High temperature gascooled reactor htgr, which is a graphite moderated, helium cooled reactor, is particularly attractive due to capability of producing high temperature helium gas and its inherent safety characteristics, as well as an option to efficiently burn weaponsgrade plutonium for energy production. The status of hightemperature gascooled reactor development and design in the united states and other countries important benefits are foreseen from smaller, modular systems by l. There are three saltcooled fission and fusion reactor options capable of delivering the hightemperature heat required by naccand thus the potential for improved economics based on increased power plant revenue. The very high temperature reactor vhtr design descriptions, technology overviews, and. The vhtr system is designed to be a high efficiency system that can supply process heat to a broad spectrum of high temperature and energyintensive, nonelectric processes. Thermal hydraulics of the very high temperature gas cooled. After the irradiation, the fuel can be additionally submitted to.
By virtue of its high temperature heat, a vhtr can be used in high temperature process heat applications, including hydrogen production and high efficiency electricity generation. The fundamental concept of the reactor is that it takes advantage of the high. Thorium hightemperature reactor triso triisotropic. The veryhightemperature reactor vhtr, or high temperature gascooled reactor htgr, is a generation iv reactor concept that uses a graphitemoderated nuclear reactor with a oncethrough uranium fuel cycle. Veryhightemperature reactor thermal helium 900 717 250300 sodiumcooled fast reactor fast sodium 500550 atm 50150 3001500 6001500 supercriticalwatercooled reactor thermal fast water 510625 25 300700 1500 gascooledfast reactor fast helium 850 9 1200 leadcooledfast reactor fast lead 480570 atm 20180. Inpro manualproliferation resistance, volume 5 of the final report of. Che 455 fall 2010 major 1 styrene production styrene is the monomer used to make polystyrene, which has a multitude of uses, the most common of which are. This opens up further reaction possiblities, for reactions that require excessive heating or very exothermic reactions.
Very high temperature reactor vhtr energy independence. The design of the osurr is based on the ulk shielding reactor sr, which was located at the oak ridge national laboratory ornl. Advanced nuclear power systems international status of htgrs. The nrc inspection manual, part 9900 states that the application of lbb. Detailed files on the pwr12 be and working files associated with. The veryhightemperature reactor vhtr, or hightemperature gascooled reactor htgr. Focus on very high temperature reactor materials showing 14 of 111 pages in this report. The vapourtec high temperature reactors are similar to the standard reactors but can enable reaction temperatures to go up to 250oc.
High temperature gascooled reactor htgr another type of reactor uses heliu m gas instead of water as its medi a for removing heat from the core. Today, the technical feasibility and the advantages of this reactor concept for electricity generation and. Dee advanced nuclear power systems for more than 25 years, development programmes on the hightemperature gascooled reactor htgr have been conducted in a number of member states. Advantages of very high temperature reactors clear passive safety mechanism 1. Veryhightemperature reactor presented by taher, md iktiham bin 15983781 khan, md rabiul islam 15982791 islam, kazi rashedul 15984751 2. The moltensaltcooled advanced hightemperature reactor ahtr is a new reactor concept designed to provide very high temperature 750 to ec heat to enable efficient lowcost 1 thermochemical production of hydrogen h2 or 2 production of electricity.
High temperature gas reactors idaho national laboratory. Alternative passive decayheat systems for the advanced. An htgr is a graphitemoderated, heliumcooled reactor with thermal neutron. Benchmarking of the mit high temperature gascooled reactor trisocoated particle fuel performance model by michael a. The high temperature gascooled reactor jrc publications.
The vhtr is a type of high temperature reactor htr that can conceptually have an outlet temperature of c. Separations and reaction engineering spring 2002 design. This paper provides an initial description and technical analysis of its key features. Gascooled reactors have had a long and varied history dating back to the very early days of nuclear energy development. Introduction this report has been prepared by the u. Tritium transport in very high temperature reactors for. Manual or computer automated image analysis is performed to measure the minimum.
The very high temperature reactor vhtr there has been a recent resurgence of interest for. The temperature can be controlled by varying the temperature and flowrate of the heattransfer fluid, heattransfer area, and the catalystinert ratio. The term typically refers to the next step in the evolutionary development of hightemperature gascooled reactors htgrs. The absence of internal nonbreeding structural material and very high solid angle close to 4. A very high temperature gascooled reactor vhtr is an inherently safe reactor that can produce heat of 750c950c. Considering very small petroleum reserves and increasing oil prices worldwide, it is prudent that india find an alternative to oil for its transport applications. High temperatures reactors for hydrogen production i. The advanced high temperature reactor ahtr is a design concept for a. Assessment of scale capabilities for hightemperature. The very high temperature reactor the term very high temperature reactor vhtr loosely covers any reactor design with a coolant outlet temperature of c or above. The thorium high temperature reactor in germany operated for 4 years, and japans high temperature engineering test reactor demonstrated 850c outlet temperatures. At present one focuses on six different types of reactors. Advanced high temperature reactor systems and economic.
Fluoridesaltcooled hightemperature reactors fhrs there are many proposed fhr designs but all have. In addition, this report includes updated information on codes and standards for high temperature gas cooled reactors htgrs at the time of. Navy files for patent on roomtemperature superconductor. The term typically refers to the next step in the evolutionary development of high temperature gascooled reactors htgrs. Htrnpr high temperature gas reactornew production reactor inl idaho national laboratory isi inservice inspection lbb leakbeforebreak lwr light water reactor mhtgr modular high temperature gascooled reactor ngnp next generation nuclear plant. The purpose of this paper is to provide an update on the international effort in the development of the very high temperature reactor system pursued through international collaboration in the generation iv international forum gif and an outlook for further activities. The temperature along the length of the packedbed reactor is not constant. The high graphite inventory provides significant thermal inertia. Water reactor geniv fast reactor very high temperature reactor coolant water sodium helium power density mwm3 100 350 5. The nuclear energy plant that all groups are developing is a modular 110165 mwe high temperature pebble bed reactor using helium gas as a coolant and the gas for electric production using gas turbine technology. Chtr, being developed in barc, is a prototype technology demonstrator reactor in the. Focus on very high temperature reactor materials august 2008. The reactor design will be a graphite moderated, thermal neutron spectrum reactor that will produce electricity and hydrogen in a highly efficient manner.
Design and development steps are currently underway to construct a hightemperature reactor as the next generation nuclear plant ngnp at idaho national laboratory inl. Gascooled reactors have had a long and varied his tory dating back to the very early days of nuclear energy development. High temperature reactor assisted fluid fuel production is a longterm sustainable alternative. Gif symposium 2012 slide 3 original vhtr features initial vhtr target was c delivered to enduser for high efficiency h 2 production. Impacts of an immersion, moltensalt blanket on fusion power plant design. What links here related changes upload file special pages permanent link page information wikidata item cite this page.
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